What condition can cause splenomegaly in a patient?

What condition can cause splenomegaly in a patient?

• A. Diabetes
• B. Liver disease and hematologic disorders
• C. Hypertension
• D. Kidney stones

Answer: (B)

Splenomegaly, or an enlarged spleen, can occur due to a variety of underlying conditions, particularly liver disease and hematologic disorders. The spleen plays a crucial role in filtering blood, recycling iron, and fighting infection. When there are issues in the liver, such as liver cirrhosis or hepatitis, portal hypertension can develop. This increased pressure in the portal venous system can lead to congestion in the spleen, causing it to enlarge. Hematologic disorders, including conditions such as leukemia, lymphoma, or hemolytic anemia, also commonly result in splenomegaly. These disorders can cause the spleen to become overactive in filtering abnormal blood cells or to process increased levels of waste products as they break down red blood cells. In contrast, the other conditions listed—diabetes, hypertension, and kidney stones—are not typically associated with splenomegaly. Diabetes has a multitude of complications, but an enlarged spleen is not directly linked to it. Hypertension primarily affects the cardiovascular system, and while it can have significant health implications, it does not lead to splenomegaly. Kidney stones, meanwhile, are localized to the urinary system and do not influence spleen size or function

Splenomegaly, or an enlarged spleen, can occur due to a variety of underlying conditions, particularly liver disease and hematologic disorders. The spleen plays a crucial role in filtering blood, recycling iron, and fighting infection. When there are issues in the liver, such as liver cirrhosis or hepatitis, portal hypertension can develop. This increased pressure in the portal venous system can lead to congestion in the spleen, causing it to enlarge.

Hematologic disorders, including conditions such as leukemia, lymphoma, or hemolytic anemia, also commonly result in splenomegaly. These disorders can cause the spleen to become overactive in filtering abnormal blood cells or to process increased levels of waste products as they break down red blood cells.

In contrast, the other conditions listed—diabetes, hypertension, and kidney stones—are not typically associated with splenomegaly. Diabetes has a multitude of complications, but an enlarged spleen is not directly linked to it. Hypertension primarily affects the cardiovascular system, and while it can have significant health implications, it does not lead to splenomegaly. Kidney stones, meanwhile, are localized to the urinary system and do not influence spleen size or function