What complication can arise from leaving blood products at room temperature for too long?

Bacterial contamination is a significant risk when blood products are left at room temperature for an extended period. Blood products such as red blood cells, platelets, or plasma can provide an environment that is conducive to the growth of bacteria. At room temperature, certain bacteria can multiply rapidly, potentially leading to serious infections if the contaminated blood is transfused into a patient.

Transfusion-related infections are a major concern in transfusion medicine; therefore, it is critical to adhere to strict storage guidelines, which generally recommend that blood products be kept refrigerated and used within specified time frames. Maintaining the integrity and safety of these products helps to prevent complications such as fever, chills, or more severe systemic infections during or after a transfusion.

While other options like increased potassium levels can be a concern with stored blood, particularly older products, the direct risk associated with room-temperature storage primarily revolves around bacterial growth, making bacterial contamination the most pertinent risk in this situation.